BENMOHAMED

Benhamadouche Mohamed, plus connu sous le nom de BENMOHAMED, est un grand homme de la culture kabyle, un poète né le 10 mars 1944 à At-Ouacifs,dans la wilaya de Tizi-Ouzou.Durant sa jeunesse,Benmohamed grandit entre son village natal et Alger. Son pére possédait une boutique à la place de Chartres à Alger.En 1958, ses parents décidérent de s'installer à AlgerMaca deg useggas 1958, terra-t tmara ad yeggağ akk d ttwacult-is u ad idiren di Lezzayer. Di tmaneγt, yelmed asefrek anazṛaf1 d wayen d-icudden γer twuri taḍeblant2 am akken yeqdec deg aṭas imukan am Tnebḍadt3 n Lezzayer ger iseggasen 1963-1975 akk d Uγlif n ttṛebga taγelnawt4 si 1976 almi d ass m' iṛuḥ γer Fṛansa di 1991. Aseggas 1958, d win iḥuzan tameddurt n Ben Muḥemed acku iḥulfa akken ilaq i wass deg yeğğa i lebda taddart deg d-ilul d wanda d-yekker. Tameddurt n temẓi-s di taddart d ttin mu yecfa, acku ulac ayen t-iḥuzan d wayen yesεan azal γuṛ-s annect n tjaddit, lḥeṛma d tegmatt yelmed di taddart, akk d ttmusni n yemγaṛen sut wawal azedgan d umeslay iqeεεden. Werğin yettu ass deg iwala i tikelt tamezwarut Sliman Azem d-yusan ad yecnu deg yiwet n lqahwa deg At Wasif. Ass nni, yuγas-d baba-s yiwen wammud amecṭuḥ deg-s isefra n Sliman Azem. Ahat imirni i s-tekcem tmedyazt γer wul, imi 8 iseggasen kan γuṛ-s mi ysel yakan i tuγac u yeṭṭafaṛ imeslayen nsent di lkaγeḍ! Deg useggas 1956, isel i yiwet n tmeṭṭut d-irewlen γer taddart nsen, teččewwiq s taγect i gezzmen tasa, twaγit d lmeḥna d-yeγḍel ttraḍ γef tmurt. Yenna-d fell-as “isefra d icewwiqen-is d ttaswast5 n wayen iḍeṛṛun ussan nni!”. Anda i tedda iḍfeṛ-itt. Timliliyin agi d-yeḍṛan di temẓi-s neğṛent abrid i ṣeggmen i wmedyaz nessen ass-a. Tahanutt n baba-s d ttin d-yezgan ger tsedlist6 akk d yiwen yeznuzun iḍebsiyen d ttesfifin n ccna. Yeffud taγuṛi yeswa-d γer umezwaru, wis sin yesselmed-as tiwsatin uẓawan7 d-yufraren di tallit nni.Ccna imu yettḥessis γer bu iḍebsiyen yeldi-as allen γer yiwet n taluft : yuki d akken imeslayen n tezlatin d ifessasen, yakan ur ifehhem ara akken ilaq, maca yezṛa ur d-tmeslayen ara γef ayen iḍeṛṛun di tmurt deg tallit nni. Yettaru i yiman-is kan i lmend n wesεeddi n wakud imeslayen s teqbaylit yettarraten i tuγac i t-iεjeben. D widak i d isefra imezwura n Ben Mohammed. Icennu γef tegmatt u yekkat di tmettan yettawin ḥala wid lεali. Di 1961, yebγa Ccix Nuṛdin a-t-ikles di ṛṛadyu, maca ass mi d-yeḥḍeṛ ukeččum γer ustudiu teksas-tt tebγest acku werğin yenna i yimawlan-is iḥemmel ccna. Yeffer fell-asen acku akken d-yenna netta “ccna di tallit nni d “lεib” ” Di 1966, yettiki s timmad n ucennay analmad di tedwilt n Crif Xeddam “Icennayen uzekka”, maca ass mi yesla i taγect-is di ṛṛadiu i yezṛa ur d-ilul ara ad yecnu.Leqdic deg umaṭṭaf wis II n ṛṛadyu n LezzayerTawuri n Ben Muḥemed deg umaṭṭaf wis II tebda deg useggas 1967 anda yettikki di tedwilt n Said Hilmi Timlilit imedyazen. Sin iseggasen kan d afella yeṭṭef tadwilt tamenzut iman-is, u yebda leqdic i ssnen wid yeṭṭafaren amaṭṭaf wiss II di tallit nni : seg tedwilt γer tayeḍ, leqdic n Ben Muḥemed ijeddel tikli i tedwilin tidelsanin tiseklanin8 n ṛṛadyu tis II mu d-yewwi udem amaynut. Di tedwilt ines taneggarut “Tamurt n imedyazen” (1982/83) i γer d-rezzfen aṭas n imeddukal-is (tigti d imedyazen izzayriyen yettwassnen), yeγγar-d tisuqliwin iga netta i waṭas n yedrisen igreγlanen9, abeεda wid n Neruda, Aragon, Prévert, atg. Deg 15 iseggasen n leqdic, yufrar-d Ben Muḥemed ger imsedda10 n ṛṛadyu imeqṛanen di Lezzayer. Daγen ad yeqqim d win ur d-yecbin ara infarasen11 nniḍen n umaṭṭaf wis II, ama deg tutlayt yesseqdac d-yufraren γef tin n imsedda nniḍen deg teqwa taẓayt akk d ttaεṛabt, ama deg isenṭal12 γef d-yettawi di tedwilin-is. Maca, tetbeε-it tedrest13 almi d ass m' ilaq ad ijeddel izwal n tedwilin : myal ass m' ara tebdu tedwilt ur “tεeǧǧeb” ara iy imḍebbṛen, a-t-ḥettmen ad yeddem tadwilt nniḍen s wezwel amaynut, ayagi myal 6 wagguren. Maca, imi tidwilin-is sεant azal meqqṛen, jebbdent-d aṭas n yemsefliden yeqqlen ṭṭafaṛen Ben Muḥemed di myal tadwilt, d azwel yebγun tesεa-t. Leqdic n Ben Muḥemed s umata deg umaṭṭaf wis sin yebna γef unadi n tajaddit, n izuṛan nneγ imaziγen akk d unadi n tnekkit14. Ayagi iḥulfa-t daɣen γer imsefliden-is. Ihi iwala ilaq a-sen-imud ula d nutni ayen d-ileqqeḍ seg temsirin n tmaziγt yesselmad Dda Lmulud At Mεemmeṛ di tesdawit n Lezzayer akk d wayen d-yesquccud netta sya u sya. Isenṭal n umennuγ n tnekkit banen-d di leqdic s umata n Ben Muḥemed tazwara n iseggasen n 70, imi aḥric ameqṛan n wayen s-ineğṛen abrid γer wayagi d ameqqun n tebṛatin tiɣezfanin s-d-ttarun yemsefliden ḥuzant tedwilin-is, akk d tmusni yessen wid yekkaten γef tmaziγt di tallit nni ama di tesdatwit n Lezzayer neγ γer Wegraw Imaziγen, (Académie berbère) di Lpari. Ben Muḥemed d win iεellen aṭas n tmeγṛiwin tinazṛanin15 akk d icennayen Crif Xeddam, Yidir, Ait Manguellet, Imaziγen Imula atg, anda d-yeγγaṛ tamedyazt-is, akk d ttemliliyin akk d imedyazen nniḍen i tγuṛi n isefra, ama di Lezzayer neγ di Fṛansa. Yessufeγ-d daγen 6 tceqqufin i umaṭṭaf wis II n ṛṛadyu n Lezzayer. Yettikki di tririt γer teqbaylit (akk d Uṛeẓqi Si Muḥemed, Σmeṛ Mezdad d Saεid Sadi) n tceqqufin umezgun n Kateb Yasin Ddem tabalizt-ik a Muḥ akk d Kahina. Am akken d-yerra γer teqbaylit iḍrisen n yiwen usaru ameẓyan iga Azzedine Meddour di 1991 akk d ttsuqelt n idiwenniyen16 i usaru iga Mustapha Mengouchi γef Ait Menguellat di 1990. Yelqeḍ-d u iṣeggem isefra iqbuṛen tecna Xadiğa i usaru n Mohamed Ifticen Les rameaux de feu, u yura tuγac n usaru n Fawzi Sahraoui deg yerra tajmilt i Isiaxem.Nezṛa d akken amaṭṭaf wis II γur-s azal ameqṛan deg usakwi n yeqbayliyen, aḥric meqqṛen deg ayagi yurar-it Ben Muḥemed. Seg ass mi yebda leqdic di ṛṛadyu, Ben Muḥemed yettmeslay i yemma-s acku, akken i d-yenna, ur tetmeslay ula d yiwet n tutlayt nniḍen nnig taqbaylit. D ayen yeğğan tameslayt d-yufraren di tedwilin-is d ttin teččur lemqadṛa akk d ttiẓet n wawal, daγen d tutlayt tazedgant deg ulac imeslayen itraren imi yesmenyif ad yezzi i wawal akken nniḍen wala aseqdec n imeslayen imaynuten.TamedyaztTamedyazt n Ben Muḥemed d ttin i t-igan d yiwen ger yitran n tsekla taqbaylit tartart17. Isefra-s seg tazwara n iseggasen n 70 d wid d-yetmeslayen γef umennuγ n tnekkit, maca daγen azal n tmedyazt-is yella di lehhu d ttiẓeṭ n imeslayen-is yekkaten γer wul. Aṭas n ilmeẓyen di tallit nni i tḥuza tiγṛi n tmurt d tyemmatt deg yiwen usefru yellan d ttigejdit deg tsekla n umennuγ γef tmaziγt : Yemma yura di furar 1973. Deg usefru ya, (i d-nerra dagi) iḥulfa weqcic s wayen yeḍṛan d tyemmatt, tamurt d ttutlayt γef tikelt deg ayen igi d-gwrant, yiwen uεekkaz i tent-yewwten, kraḍ (3) yidsent i yexnunsent, yettwakkes fellasent sser. Yezmer wemdan d tidett ad yessusem zdat n wayen iḍerrun d tyemmatt? Ala; ihi yeggul weqcic dayen ur yessussum, d wawal ineqqen ass-a t-id yini!Deg useggas 1972, yebda Ben Muḥemed leqdic akk d ucennay Yidir (Hamid Cheriet) mu yura asefru yerra-t i yiwet n tmuzigt iga yakan Yidir. Akka dγa i d-tlul di 1973 tezlitt A baba-inu ba yettwasnen ass-a γer aṭas iγerfan18 di ddunnit imi tettwasuqel γer nnig n 7 tutlayin gar-asent ula d ttacinwatt. A baba-inu ba d tizlitt iεeddan tilas n lehhu di myal tallit imi γuṛ-s azal anazṛan aseklan19 meqqṛen, u daγen d ttaγect yefkan amedya i tlalit n ccna atrar s teqbaylit. D Ben Mohamled i yuran akk imeslayen n uḍebsi amezwaru n Yidir, kra n isefra yella yuraten yakan seg zik, wiyaḍ akka am Zwi-tt rwi-tt, Cfiγ amzun d iḍelli, D izumal, d Yidir i s-ten-id yessutren. Isenṭal yesseqdec deg tuγac-a, γas ma iga amur ula i tγawsiwin n tmeddurt n myal ass am lferh d wurar, tigti kkaten γef yedles, tinekkit, akk d tteqbaylit.Yiwwet ger tgejda nniḍen n ccna n teqbaylit mu yura Ben Muḥemed imeslayen d Nouara, abeεda i wḍebsi ines Tameṭṭut n tmurt n Leqbayel d wurfan-is, 1980. Tizlatin akka am Ğeṛğeṛ neγ Ssiγ lmeṣbaḥ yernan di lehhu s taγect n Nouara yeččerrigen ulawen, d ttiγṛi i tufγγa n tmeṭṭut si ṭṭlam i waken attwali tafat.Amar Sersour chante Ben Muḥemed : cfu ay ixf-iw d ttasfift d-yeffγen di 1982 anda icennu Mass Sersour isefra n Ben Muḥemed u yeγγar-d idrisen-is. Asenṭel d-yufraren di tesfift agi d win n umennuγ amazray20 n Tmurt n iqbayliyen γef izerfan-is.Di 1983, yessufeγ-d Ben Muḥemed deg yiwwet n tesfift (akk d Amar Sersour d Achour Fernane) idrisen yura s talγa n tmedyazt yesεan azal aseklan meqqṛen. Deg-sen i d-yedda usefru n Yemma yellan dγa d azwel n tesfift. Ben Muḥemed yeγγar-d s timmad-is kra seg yedrisen-is. (Aneεṛeḍ a d-ner kra n tukkisin i tmesliwt seg tesfift agi deg ussan i d-iteddun).Ddan-d kra n yedrisen n Ben Muḥemed deg yiwen seg uṭṭunen n tesγunt Itinéraires et contact des cultures d-yetmeslayen s umata γef tsekla taγerfant di Tefriqt Ugafa; am akken d-yesseda Y. Nacib isefra-s akk d ttssuqelt nsen γer tefṛansist deg wedlis ines Anthologie de la poésie kabyle.Tawuri taseklant n Ben Muḥemed yessuget-itt s leqdic γef izerfan deg annar umennuγ, imi yettikki d wazal n snan (20) inazuṛen d waggagen21 (garasen Lmulud At Mεemmer, Tahar Djaout, Kateb Yasin, Mhamed Isiaxem, Sliman Benaïssa...) deg usebded n yiwet n tiddukla tadelsant tamaziγt di 1981, maca adabu n yimiren yegguma a-s-yefk udem unṣib.Yettikki daγen deg usebded n tiddukla tadelsant tussnant22 Tala, d-ilulen di Lezzayer di 1990; am akken yesselwi23 di Lpari tiddukla Tawrirt ittwattun (La colline oubliée) d-isslal i lmend n tikci ufus i wsufeγ n usaru n A. Bouguermouh.Tamedyazt d nettat i d-inudan γef Ben Muḥemed. Ilul-d ad issefru. Yakan d ilemẓi, yella yettargu ad yeqqel yiwen wass d acennay. Ssakin tawuri-yis di ṛṛadyu tḥettmit ad yemmeslay s teγzi n wawal yiwet n tutlayt i ynuda amek ara teεjeb yemma-s. Yella wayen yifen dγa ameslay akk d imawlan s tutlayt tayemmatt ? Tagnitt deg i d-gra teqbaylit akk d yidles amaziγ di Lezzayer n wass-a tḥettem arraw-is ad wwten amek ara ṭṭfen di tnekkit nsen. Amennuγ n Ben Muḥemed yettkemmil.BENMOHAMED,pour ceux qui l'ignorent, est l'auteur du fabuleux texte de la chanson, A VAVA INOUVA, qui a fait le tour du monde, et chantée par IDIR.Yella-d wesqucced i lmend n tira n umagrad agi seg tmeddurmant24 n Ben Muḥemed yura s tefṛensist Ms. Slimane Hachi di DBK, Asuneḍ25 1, Tizṛigin Ina-Yas/Edisud, 2001. Isefra ttwaksen-d seg udlis n Youcef Nacib: Anthologie de la poésie kabyle, Lezzayer, Tiẓṛigin Andalouses, Lezzayer, 1993

par DJAMALH